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ACES, resilience and orphanages

Hi all,

I'm wondering if anyone has any advice on how to do the ACES and Resilience tests with children who have grown up in orphanages and therefore do not have information about their biological family. My NGO is teaching at a university where 90% of the kids have come from orphanages. Since the questions all ask about relationships to parents, should I advise them to answer as if they were answering about their caregivers at the orphanage? This leads some of them to have no ACES, even though they have student psychological development due to lack of attachment and family-based care. For the resilience quiz, many questions ask about whether their parents cared about them or other family members. If they have no frame of reference for this, should they answer zero? Or 2 for not sure for all of these?

I'm about to start a research project to learn about the lived experiences of children from orphanages in my country of Thailand and I would like to include these scores as part of my methodology but want to make sure everyone understands and is answering the questions from the same perspective.

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