Here is the citation for the report of another relevant study:
"Sociodemographic Characteristics, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Substance Use and Psychiatric Disorders Among Adolescent- Limited, Adult-Onset, Life-Course- Persistent Offenders and Nonoffenders in a General Population Survey"
Authors: Bradley T. Kerridge , S. Patricia Chou, Boji Huang,, and Thomas C. Harford
Crime & Delinquency 2020, Vol. 66(12) 1729–1753 © The Author(s) 2020 Article reuse guidelines: sagepub.com/journals-permissions httpDs
//dIo: i1.o0r.g1/107.171/0770/10101121827827029091155697
From the Introduction: "Two of the most significant and recurring findings in the criminal behavior literature are that juvenile ... offenders have high rates of substance use disorders and other psychiatric disorders and experience adverse childhood experiences (ACEs; e.g., sexual, physical abuse) (Aebi et al., 2015; Friestad et al., 2014; King et al., 2011; National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, 2010) disproportionately in relation to the general population. Furthermore, ACEs have been linked to substance use and psychiatric disorders ..." (Emphasis added.)